By the Gestapo

Wolfgang Lauinger was persecuted by the Nazis for three reasons. He was gay, the son of a Jewish father, and a “swing kid.”

Being a swing kid meant Lauinger (pictured above on a moped) was fascinated by, and actively enjoyed swing music by American artists like Tommy Dorsey. Lauinger belonged to a group of Germans who loved American swing music that they called the Harlem Club (pictured, below):

In 1941 the Gestapo learned of this underground group of swing music enthusiasts and arrested Lauinger.